- abduction = movement away from the body axis
- adduction = movement toward the midline (think "add" it back to the body!)
- extension = straightening out; making a flexed part straight
- flexion = bending movement at a joint
- hyperextension = overstraightening; overextending
- circumduction = the proximal end is fixed while the distal end moves in a circle
- rotation = turning around on an axis or fixed point
- pronation = turning the palm posteriorly or downward
- supination = turning the palm upward
- dorsiflexion = bending the foot so the toes move upward toward shin
- plantar flexion = bending the foot so the toes move downward
- eversion (e-vur-zhun)= turning outward
- inversion = turning inward
Thanks to my rockin awesome brother Russ who is a board-certified and state licensed prosthetist and orthotist for his killer anatomy books.
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